Metallic Storm Window Screen Factory- Excellent protection against insects & long lasting performance

Window has been a product for cold climate regions with small producers providing custom unit sizes. Adding a storm window unit to an existing window provides several improvements. A storm window is a product of window screen factory that dramatically reduces air infiltration and increases the thermal performance of a single-pane window while reducing the impact of weather on the prime unit. Available options such as low-e glazing will further reduce energy consumption while available tilt-in sash allows for ease of maintenance. High performance storm windows are also ideal for noise reduction.

Aluminum is the material that provides high strength with a narrow profile. The poor conductive properties of aluminum can be mitigated by existing wood windows that serve as a thermal break. Storm windows are typically not ideal for installation on vinyl prime units as the elevated temperatures between the units escalate the expansion and contraction of the frames. Storm windows have a similar effect on windows joined with lead caming. Aluminum windows benefit from the addition of storm windows but the differential movement between the windows must be accommodated with material such as a double-sided adhesive cork tape.

Storm windows are installed either on the interior or exterior of the prime unit and are typically available as sliding units operating vertically or horizontally or as a fixed unit ideal for removal. Units are available in sizes large enough for sliding glass doors. Operable units available in double- and triple-track configurations allow air circulation and self storage of a screen. Fixed units are ideal for picture windows however they need seasonal maintenance when used in conjunction with operable prime units.

The performance of a storm unit is evaluated as a complete assembly. The design and material of the frame, its assembly, the installation, and the weatherstripping details all contribute to performance that can vary from model to model. Steel windows by window screen factory are excellent candidates for storm windows to compensate for their high level of conductive heat loss. A storm unit reduces transfer through the individual lites of a steel window sash. Storm windows are applied to existing steel sash frame with fasteners, magnetic trim or adhesive tape or can be affixed to material adjacent to the steel frame. Storm windows are usually available with screen units. The aluminum screening material provides strength but is subject to denting and corrosion. Aluminum will not dent but can stretch. 

A screen’s primary purpose is providing protection to insects although some new screening materials have been developed that improve energy performance. Various screens are now available that reject unwanted heat gain in warm climates but reduce ventilation and natural day-lighting. The energy savings of such screening can be significant and some utilities subsidize their cost in hot climates. These screens are effective on east and west elevations where the sun is at a low inclination, and passive solar control strategies such as awnings and overhangs are not generally effective

Hastelloy Bar- Highly anti-corrosive & weldable

Hastelloy is a family of alloys such as C-22 & C-276 that is widely used for its high corrosion resistance. Hastelloy C-22 alloy is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy that is highly versatile due to its high resistance to both uniform and localized corrosion along with various mixed industrial chemicals. Hastelloy C-22 alloy has excellent weldability and is used as overalloy filler wire and weld overlay consumables to increase resistance to corrosion.

Hastelloy C-22 alloy has applications in various fields such as

·        Acetic Acid/Acetic Anhydride

·        Cellophane Manufacturing

·        Complex Acid Mixtures

·        Expansion Bellows

·        Geothermal Wells

·        Incineration Scrubber Systems

·        Pesticide Production

·        Pickling Systems

·        Selective Leaching Systems

·        Sulfonation Systems

·        Weld Overlay-Valves

·        SO2 Cooling Towers

·        Tubular Heat Exchangers

·        Plate Heat Exchangers

·        Phosphoric Acid Production

·        Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

·        HF Furnace Scrubbers

·        Flue Gas Scrubber Systems

·        Electro-Galvanizing Rolls

·        Chlorination Systems

·        Acid Etching

Hastelloy C-22 alloy is available in various forms such as strip, bar, pipe, plate, covered electrodes, tubing, wire, billet, and sheet. Wrought forms of this alloy are furnished in the solution heat-treated condition. Hastelloy C-22 alloy's performance against crevice corrosion, pitting and stress corrosion cracking is excellent. It also has high resistance to oxidizing aqueous media including wet chlorine and mixtures containing nitric acid or oxidizing acids with chloride ions. This alloy has high resistance to environments where reducing and oxidizing conditions are encountered in process streams. It can be used in multi-purpose plants and where upset conditions occur. It has high resistance to various chemical process environments including strong oxidizers such as ferric and cupric chlorides, hot contaminated solutions (Organic and Inorganic), chlorine, acetic anhydride, brine solutions, formic & acetic acids and sea water. This alloy resists the formation of grain-boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone thus making it appropriate for numerous chemical process applications in the as-welded condition.

Hastelloy C-22 alloy is used in papermill as it passes extensive testing in the actual bleach washer environment for corrosion resistance. It has high resistance for the hydrofluoric acid prescrubber and for the clamshell bellows. It is used in a steel finishing manufacturing line in the form of Sleeved electrogalvanizing finishing rolls. This alloy helps in reducing the defects on the rolls that is essential to manufacture defect-free galvanized steel for the automotive industry. Acid pump strengthened with Hastelloy C-22 alloy is suitable for use in a continuous stainless steel pickling operation. This acid consists of 2 percent hydrofluoric acid, 20 percent hydrochloric acid and 40 gm/liter of iron at 170°F. Hastelloy C-22 alloy is effectively used in severe conditions such as in C-stage bleaching operations in a mill. This alloy is used as a thin-sheet lined for exposure in a utility flue-gas desulfurization plant. It is used as a fan to handle the incineration of radioactive and hazardous wastes due to its durability and corrosion resistance. Hastelloy C-22 alloy filler metal is a cost-effective, reliable and practical solution to corrosion weld problems.

Hastelloy Wire- Ideal for use in highly corrosive environments

Hastelloy Wire is made of various alloys of Hastelloy such as Hastelloy C276 and Hastelloy C22. Hastelloy C276 alloy has excellent corrosion-resistance to both oxidizing and reducing media. It also has excellent resistance to localized corrosion attack. Hastelloy C276 alloy is used in numerous industries as it works in aggressive and corrosive environments. Hastelloy C276 alloy is a versatile corrosion-resistant alloy that doesn’t need to be solution heat-treated after welding and has excellent fabricability. It has resistance to formation of grain boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone that makes it suitable for numerous chemical process applications in the as-welded condition. 

Hastelloy C22 alloy weld filler materials are considered for environments where attack of Hastelloy C276 alloy weld joint is experienced. Hastelloy C276 alloy has excellent resistance to localized corrosion and to oxidizing & reducing media. It is used in environments where “upset” conditions can occur. It is also used in multipurpose plants. It has high resistance to various chemical process environments including strong oxidizers such as ferric and cupric chlorides, chlorine, acetic anhydride, brine solutions, hot contaminated media (organic and inorganic), formic & acetic acids and seawater. It is used in flue gas desulfurization systems due to its high resistance to sulfur compounds and chloride ions encountered in numerous scrubbers. This alloy has high resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. It can withstand the corrosion caused by wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide.

Hastelloy C276 alloy is hot-upset, forged and impact extruded. Although this alloy has a tendency to work-harden, it can be deep-drawn, punched, spun and press-formed. Hastelloy C276 alloy can be welded using common welding methods except the oxyacetylene and submerged arc processes which should not be used when the fabricated item is to be used in corrosive environment. Excessive heat input is avoided by taking special precautions.

In a test of oxidizing NaCl-HCl solution, the solution temperature was varied in 5°C increments to determine the lowest temperature at which pitting corrosion initiated after an exposure of 24 hours in pitting testing and the lowest temperature at which crevice corrosion initiated in an exposure of 100 hours of crevice corrosion testing. The lowest temperature at which pitting corrosion initiated was 150°C and the lowest temperature at which crevice corrosion initiated was 80°C.   

In the crevice-corrosion test with 6% ferric chloride solution, the solution temperature was varied in 2.5°C increments to determine the lowest temperature at which crevice corrosion initiated in an exposure of 24 hours. The lowest temperature at which crevice corrosion initiated was 95°C.

In the pitting corrosion test with oxidizing H2SO4-HCl solution, experiments were performed in increments of solution temperature of 5°C for an exposure of 24 hours to find the critical pitting temperature. The lowest temperature at which pitting corrosion initiated was 110°C.

Additional uses of HastelloyC276 wire include welding the clad side of joints on steels in various industries such as petrochemical, chemical and petroleum. Typical applications of Hastelloy C276 alloy are in marine industries, pickling systems, chlorination systems, chemical processing and nuclear fuel reprocessing.

Monel 400 Wire- Highly strong and ductile material

Monel 400 alloy is a nickel-copper solid solution alloy that can be hardened only by cold working. It has high resistance to various types of corrosion. This alloy is strong over a wide range of temperatures. Monel 400 alloy can be readily joined and fabricated. Finished fabrications can be produced to a wide range of mechanical properties by proper control of the amount of hot or cold work and by the selection of appropriate thermal treatments.

The material remains bright and free from discoloration when heated and cooled in a reducing atmosphere or quenched in an alcohol-water solution. Rate of cooling will not have any significant effect and this alloy will form an adherent oxide film if allowed to cool in air after heating. Both cold-worked and hot-worked Monel 400 alloy needs thermal treatment to develop the optimum combination of strength and ductility and to minimize distortion during subsequent machining. Stress equalizing of cold-worked material causes an increase in the yield strength of 0.00% offset without marked effects on other properties. Stress equalizing is performed by holding for about 3 hour at a temperature of 575°F. Stress relieving can reduce stresses without producing a recrystallized grain structure. This treatment is recommended to achieve minimum “walking” or distortion after metal removal. Heating for 1 to 2 hour at 1000°F to 1050°F relieves strains in either hot or cold-worked products. Stress relief that is holding at 1000°F-1200°F for 1 hour followed by slow cooling is strongly recommended as a precaution against stress-corrosion cracking in certain environments. Stress relieving slightly decreases tensile strength, hardness, yield strength and it slightly increases elongation.

Annealing can completely soften work-hardened material. Time and temperature needed depend on the amount of previous cold work. Monel 400 alloy is generally annealed by the open heating method by holding at 1600°F to 1800°F for 2-10 min, whereas box annealing is performed suitably at 1400°F to 1500°F for 1-3 hour at temperature. The effects of heating on properties of cold-drawn and hot-rolled material are compared. In three tests, the cold-drawn rod developed an annealed temper after 3 hours at temperature of 1300°F, and the hot-rolled plate, after 3 hours at about 1470°F. Grain growth occurs when material is heated in the upper portion of the annealing temperature range.

Pickling produces bright and clean surfaces on this alloy and this alloy is readily fabricated by standard processes. Monel 400 alloy is softer than many steels with respect to its resistance to hot deformation therefore it can be hot-formed into almost any shape. It is essential to use proper temperature during hot forming and that range is 1200°F to 2150°F. Suitable metal temperature for heavy reductions is 1700°F to 2150°F and light reductions can be taken down to 1200°F. Highermechanical properties of Monel 400 wire and smaller grain size are produced by working at lower temperatures.

Prolonged soaking at hot-working temperatures is detrimental and if a delay occurs during processing, the furnace should be cut back to 1900°F and not brought to temperature until operations are resumed. This alloy should not be heated above 2150°F otherwise permanent damage can occur. Heavy forging should not be carried out so quickly that the metal becomes overheated from working. An optical pyrometer is recommended for use.

Inconel 625 Wire- High tensile & fatigue strength

Inconel 625 alloy is a nickel-chromium alloy that is used for its excellent fabricability, high corrosion resistance and high strength. It is used in service temperature range from cryogenic to 1800°F. This alloy got its strength from the stiffening effect of molybdenum and niobium on its nickel-chromium matrix therefore the precipitation-hardening treatments are not needed. It has resistance to a wide range of severe corrosive environments and to high-temperature effects such as carburization and oxidation.

Inconel 625alloy is preferred for sea-water applications due to its resistance to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking, high tensile strength, high corrosion-fatigue strength and resistance to pitting & crevice corrosion. This alloy is used as wire rope for mooring cables, submarine auxiliary propulsion motors, exhaust ducts for Navy utility boats, propeller blades for motor patrol gunboats, submarine quick-disconnect fittings, submarine transducer controls, sheathing for undersea communication cables and steam-line bellows. It has potential applications such as springs, bellows for submerged controls, fasteners, seals, oceanographic instrument components, flexure devices and electrical cable connectors.

This alloy is used for aerospace field due to its high creep, tensile and rupture strength, oxidation resistance, excellent fatigue and thermal-fatigue strength, excellent weldability and brazeability. It is widely used in applications such as aircraft ducting systems, thrust-reverser systems, fuel & hydraulic line tubing, bellows, heat-exchanger tubing in environmental control systems, engine exhaust systems, resistance-welded honeycomb structures for housing engine controls, spray bars and turbine shroud rings. It is suitable for turbine seals, thrust-chamber tubing for rocket, combustion system transition liners and compressor vanes.

Inconel 625 alloy has corrosion resistance under a wide range of temperatures and pressures therefore it is preferred for chemical processing applications. It is manufactured into a variety of components for plant equipment due to its ease of fabrication. Its high strength allows it to be used in thinner-walled vessels or tubing than possible with other materials, thus improving heat transfer and saving weight. It is used in tubing, distillation columns, transfer piping, bubble caps, reaction vessels, heat exchangers and valves due to its combination of strength and corrosion resistance.

Inconel 625 alloy is used for reactor-core and control-rod components in nuclear water reactors. This alloy is highly useful in various applications due to its excellent uniform corrosion resistance, high strength, excellent pitting resistance in 500°F-600°F water and resistance to stress cracking. Inconel 625 alloy is considered in advanced reactor concepts due to its high allowable design strength at elevated temperatures between 1200°F-1400°F.

Hot-finished, cold-finished and annealed conditions are recommended for service above 1200°F. The solution-treated condition is recommended for components that need optimum resistance to creep or rupture. Fine-grained material may be advantageous at temperatures up to 1500°F with respect to fatigue strength, tensile, hardness and yield strength.

Typical tensile properties of annealed and solution-treated material from room to elevated temperature were analyzed. The approximate relationship between the hardness and tensile and yield strength of strip is analyzed. Increased tensile properties for service at moderate temperature can be obtained by cold work. Some hardening occurs in Inconel 625 alloy upon exposure to intermediate temperatures.

Inconel Wire- Preferred for high temperature applications

Inconel Wire can be made from various alloys including Inconel 600, 601, 617, 625, 718, X750. Inconel 625 alloy is made of nickel-chromium that is used for its high strength, high corrosion resistance and excellent fabricability. Inconel alloy 600 is a nickel-chromium alloy with excellent oxidation resistance at high temperatures and resistance to corrosion by high-purity water, chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking and caustic corrosion. It has applications in chemical & food processing, sparking electrodes, furnace components and nuclear engineering. Inconel 601 alloy is a nickel-chromium alloy with an addition of aluminum for outstanding resistance to oxidation and other forms of high-temperature corrosion. This alloy has high mechanical properties at elevated temperatures and is used in various applications such as

·        Heat-treating equipment such as muffles, baskets and retorts

·        Industrial furnaces

·        Gas-turbine components

·        Petrochemical and other process equipment

Inconel 617 alloy is a nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum alloy with a combination of strength, metallurgical stability and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. Resistance to oxidation can be increased by adding Aluminum. This alloy has resistance to a wide range of corrosive aqueous environments. Inconel 617 alloy has applications in

·        Ducting and transition liners

·        Gas turbines for combustion cans

·        Heat-treatment equipment

·        Petrochemical processing

·        Nitric acid production

Inconel 625 alloy is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with an addition of niobium that acts with the molybdenum to stiffen the alloy’s matrix and provide high strength without a strengthening heat treatment. It has resistance to a wide range of severely corrosive environments and is resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Inconel 625 alloy has its applications in

·        Pollution control equipment

·        Chemical processing

·        Nuclear reactors

·        Aerospace and marine engineering

Inconel 600 alloy is available in various forms such as Bars, Flat wires, Round wires, Rope/Strand and Shaped wires. Main features of this alloy are

·        High oxidation resistance

·        High temperature static applications

·        Excellent corrosion resistance at high temperatures

Inconel 600 alloy is typically used in Chemical processing, Nuclear engineering, Furnace Components and Food processing. Inconel 600 wire is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy that has high resistance to deterioration, high performance at extreme temperatures and high resistance to oxidation. The nickel content contained within the wire helps it to completely resist chloride-ion stress-corrosion fracturing. In addition, Inconel 600 alloy doesn’t require age-hardening treatments as it is hardened and strengthened through cold work processes. The cords within the wire can be produced in various forms including square, shaped or flat so that these can be used for a wide range of platforms. Inconel 600 wire alloy is suitable for places where temperature can cause problem such as engine of a high performance automobile as in race cars, nuclear, chemical, gas turbine components and food processing locations. This wire alloy is also used in baskets, heat treatment fixtures and trays as it is considered to be a reliable alloy for processes where increasing temperatures are present. Inconel 600 wire alloy is also used in high pressure and kinetic energy conditions due to its resistance to corrosion and oxidation.

Knowing More About Hastelloy B2 And Its Applications

The Hastelloy B2 is an alloy containing nickel and molybdenum and strengthened with solid
solution under extremely reducing conditions. With a significantly lower content of carbon, iron
and silicon makes this alloy less prone to decreased corrosion resistance in the welding zone. As
far as the issues of fabrication are concerned, using the other alloying elements containing
chromium and iron resolved the issues to a great extent. However, strong chemistry control
followed by the other measures of development has resulted in what you get today from this
superalloy. Quite naturally, the superalloy that is used today with its limited chemistry can be
widely used in the welded condition and is less prone to stress corrosion cracking under several
conditions. It must never be used in the temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1600 degrees
Fahrenheit as it tends to form secondary phases thereby reducing the ductility of the material.
Use of the nickel-molybdenum alloy

This alloy is widely used in high temperature and reducing acids. The molybdenum content of
this alloy makes it an ideal choice to resist general corrosion under the effect of reducing acids.
Due to the nickel content of hastelloy bar alloy, it also become highly resistant to stress corrosion
cracking in the hot and concentrated solutions of chlorine. When tested under the same
condition, this alloy did not develop any crack although the ductility can be reduced due to the
transformation of the solid phase. It can also develop damage due to intergranular stress
corrosion cracking in those regions that are affected by heat under the effect of organic
solvents comprising of sulfuric acid. This alloy has also shown sensitivity to transgranular stress
corrosion cracking.

Corrosion resistance of Hastelloy B2
Due to the high molybdenum content of this material, it is extremely resistant to hydrochloric
acid used at different concentration and over a wide range of temperatures. It also shows
reasonably good resistance to hydrogen chloride, phosphoric and sulfuric acid. When it comes
to dealing with pitting and stress corrosion cracking in the heat-affected zones, the result is
excellent. It is necessary not to use this alloy in the oxidizing media as it shows little or no
results in those environments.

Recommendation and use
The B2 alloy must never be used in the presence of cupric and ferric salts as it may cause failure
to corrosion. You will note the development of these salts when hydrochloric acid comes into
contact with copper and iron. While using this alloy in combination with copper and iron piping
in a system containing hydrochloric acid, the presence of these salts can reduce the cracking
resistance capability of this alloy and it can fail to provide the necessary protection. The

exposure of B2 alloy to the oxidizing gases must not increase beyond 1000 degrees Fahrenheit
and in the reducing gases the temperature is not to exceed 1600 degrees Fahrenheit. On the
basis of limited tests, it is easy to find out that the corrosion resistance of this alloy is not
affected when kept in twenty percent boiling hydrochloric acid followed by cold reductions of
about fifty percent. Clearly, when determining the stress-resistant capability of the alloys, the
choice is to be made according to the industrial use.

China Window Screen- Give your house strong and aesthetic windows

China Window Screens are used to keep mosquitos from entering the room through windows and doors. Window Screens provide protection against flying insects, reduces pollen intrusion into the premises and indoor allergens with the help of anti-allergic fabrics. Aluminum is used for the supporting construction that is long lasting and corrosion resistant. Window Screens provide protection from flying insects that enter your home ensuring mosquito-free environment and fresh air. Fixed Window screens are installed from the inside using hooks that go over the first seal. Hooks are covered with rubber to protect the seal and screen’s Aluminum frame overlaps a little portion of the windows frame. China Window Screens also provide clear and unobstructed outdoor views along with safety as these are durable and strong.

Standard technical specifications of Fixed China Window Screens are

·        Standard colors are Brown, White & Wood imitation

·        Fixed window screen net color is grey

·        Stable and robust frame profile keeps the net tightly stretched through the entire area of the frame

·        Installation of window screen doesn’t damage the window or door

·        Screens are not to be uninstalled in cold season

·        Anti-allergic screen net color is black and it helps to reduce the amount of allergens in the room thus increasing comfort for people with allergies

·        Net needs to be cleaned occasionally for better ventilation

·        Max width is 61.34″, Max height is 94.49″ & Max area is 23.9 sq.ft.

·        Additional profile is added if any of window screen dimension is longer than 59″

China Window Screens are available in a range of formats including folding, hinged and sliding. These screens are also customized into different dimensions and colors as per specific requirements. China Window Screens are available in fixed and exit formats with the added benefit of emergency escape in the exit formats. Exit screens are fitted with push-open or slide-open mechanisms that are easy to operate and are child-proof. Fixed China Window Screens are fitted with fall prevention technology that is designed and rated to prevent pushing the screens out from the inside when the screens are fitted on a higher floor.

China Window Screens are made of high quality Aluminum that resists galvanic corrosion and increases the life of the screen. These screens are tested for maximum impact and shear resistance as per required standards. China Window Screens are energy efficient and have resistance to UV. These screens provide protection against insects and pests.  China Window Screens are available in a wide range of frame colors and integrate with décor of the homes and buildings. These screens can be customized into different colors and finishes so that your window screen fits your home. There are various options for customizing these window screens such as pet doors, bug strips etc. China Window Screens are strong enough to withstand all kinds of weather conditions. These screens effectively prevent forced entry and remain coarse for a long time. China Window Screens are useful for coastal houses as these can withstand high winds and corrosive effects of sea water.

Window Screen - Durable material with an elegant appearance

There are various types of Window Screens based on applications such as Insect screen, Pet resistant screen, Solar Shade screen etc. These screens are designed to cover the opening of an open window and to keep leaves, birds, insects, debris, pests and dirt from entering the premises. Aluminum is available in various colors such as black, dark gray and bright. These screens are used for window and door applications as Aluminum has high resistance against various harsh weather conditions. These window screens are widely used as Aluminum is durable, sturdy and has a long life. Aluminum also has high resistance against corrosion, rust, abrasion and UV rays. Aluminum is lightweight and can stay for a number of years if maintained properly. Aluminum Window Screen supplier offers screens invarious patterns & textures and are also painted on.

Standard technical specifications of Aluminum Insect Screens are

·        Resistant to rust or mildew

·        Tough and durable

·        Colors: Bright, Charcoal and Black

·        Protective finishes prevent corrosion and contribute to a long life

·        Wire Diameter: .011”

·        Roll Length: 100’

·        Mesh: 18 x 16

·        Standard Width: 4” through 48” in 2” increments plus 54, 60” and 72”

Main features of Aluminum Window Screens that make these screens widely useful are

·        Easy to maintain

·        Strong

·        Durable

·        Long life

·        Resistant to rust

·        Withstands all types of climatic conditions

Aluminum Insect Screen is highly durable and is widely used for Aluminum or Wood windows, doors and enclosures. It is available in its natural color that is Silver and other colors are Charcoal & Black. The mesh count is 18 x 16 strands per square inch and diameter is 011. It has a protective finish that prevents corrosion, strengthens weave and improves the appearance. It has high resistance to rust and can withstand all types of climates. Charcoal & Black finishes help in reducing glare for greater visibility however Silver finish is highly economical. Black Aluminum Screen has the optimum outward visibility of all the Aluminum Insect Screen products. It has a premium coating that is durable and has excellent weathering characteristics. Silver Aluminum Screen is a traditional product with a uniform finish. It allows easy fabrication into window screens, door screens and porch screen applications. Charcoal Aluminum Screen has a coating of consistent Charcoal finish that helps in reducing the glare due to its dark color and improves the outward visibility.

Window Screens have frames of extruded Aluminum with heavy solid extruded corner keys. These can be large screens without the need for a brace bar. Window Screens are made of various wire materials such as Charcoal Aluminum, Bright Aluminum, Black Aluminum, Copper etc. Handles, Tracks, Springs, Spring-bolts and other hardware are adaptable to field conditions. Screen wire is held by a large diameter re-usable tubular Vinyl Spline. Spline color choices are Black, White, Beige, Off-white, Medium gray and Light gray. Window screens are also customized into different shapes, sizes and colors as per various applications.

Monel 400 Bar- Highly useful for marine environments

Monel 400 Bar is an alloy of Nickel & Copper that is resistant to sea water, salt, caustic solutions and steam at high temperatures. It has excellent corrosion resistance in a wide variety of media. It has excellent general corrosion resistance, weldability and high strength. It is resistant to rapidly flowing brackish water or seawater and is particularly resistant to hydrochloric & hydrofluoric acids when these are de-aerated. This alloy is slightly magnetic at room temperature and is widely used in chemical, oil and marine industries.

Main features of Monel400 Bar are

·        It has higher resistance under reducing conditions than Nickel and has higher resistance than copper under oxidizing conditions. It shows better resistance to reducing media than oxidizing.

·        It has corrosion resistance in an extensive range of marine & chemical environments such as pure water, salts, non-oxidizing mineral acids & alkalis.

·        It has excellent resistance to Sulfuric & Hydrofluoric acids. Aeration results in increased corrosion rates. It might handle Hydrochloric acid but the presence of oxidizing salts accelerates corrosive attack.

·        High resistance to chloride ion stress corrosion cracking.

·        Excellent mechanical properties from subzero temperatures up to about 480°C.

·        It has high resistance to alkaline, neutral and acid salts but poor resistance with oxidizing acid salts such as Ferric Chloride.

Monel 400 Bar has applications in

·        Brine heaters & sea water scrubbers in tanker inert gas systems

·        Pumps and valves used in the manufacture of perchlorethylene & chlorinated plastics.

·        Feed water and steam generator tubing.

·        Monoethanolamine (MEA) reboiling tube.

·        Sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid alkylation plants.

·        Plant for the refining of uranium and isotope separation in the production of nuclear fuel.

·        Pickling bat heating coils.

·        Cladding for the upper areas of oil refinery crude columns.

·        Heat exchangers in a variety of industries.

·        Propeller and pump shafts.

·        Transfer piping from oil refinery crude columns.

Anneal cycle of Monel400 Bar ranges from 1400 to 1800°C (760 to 980°C) and Annealing is performed in a sulfur compound-free atmosphere as sulfur embrittles material at the annealed temperature range. A high percentage of Monel400 is used without final heat treatment for increasing the strength of the material. Welding methods are similar to those used for austenitic stainless steels however material must be free of scaling for best weld. Preheating and post weld treatment are not required however cleaning of joint area is necessary to avoid embrittlement from paints and lubrication.

Monel 400 alloy is easily cold-shaped however it has a higher work-hardening than carbon steel. It can be considered during design & selection of forming tools & equipment and during the planning of forming processes. Intermediate annealing is essential during cold working and the strength of Monel400 alloy can be increased by hardening. Stress relief annealing is recommended in these cases especially when used in media that can cause stress corrosion cracking in nickel-copper alloys such as mercury and its compounds of fluoro-silicic acid.